Studying Difficult Texts

"Insofar as text study is a method for identity formation and maintenance, the text is invoked as a mirror to reflect and affirm the worthiness and dignity of Judaism. This goal is best achieved by studying texts that make us proud to be Jews. In contrast to affirmation and inclusion, difficult texts make us uncomfortable. Sometimes we euphemize or apologize for them; more often we simply ignore them." (Bonna Devora Haberman in Sh'ma, April 2001) Read more about the challenges of studying these texts and various approaches to address those challenges.

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“Women who rub up against each other…”

Yevamot 76a deals with the consequences of engaging in sexual activities. Feelings of enhanced love or physical pleasure are positive consequences, but negative consequences exist as well. It can be physically or emotionally painful. Additionally, such behavior may taint a person’s reputation and even render him or her ineligible for certain privileges accorded to others. This text and its commentaries explore the possibility of a sexual relationship between two women. They establish the consequences of such behavior in regard to her status as a marriageable woman in Jewish society.

Instructions: Using this innovative text study format can be straightforward and rewarding. The six sections of the text study are listed below. It is recommended that you visit each section in the order that it is listed; just click on a section to view it. Each time you click on a section, your screen will refresh to the new page. The list of sections will appear at the left side of the screen and you can click on any section to move there. To return to a previous page, simply click the “Back” arrow in the navigation bar at the top of your screen.

Texts The Hebrew/Aramaic with an English translation, keywords and translation notes and a short description of the larger textual context of the passage
Commentaries Classic and modern commentaries on the text, with short biographies of the commentators
Analysis Brief essay analyzing the key issues and implications of the text and accompanying commentaries
Study Questions Several questions to help you reflect on the text and its applications in the Jewish community